Climate change has changed many aspects of life on Earth, one of which is rainfall patterns which contribute significantly to the phenomenon of global drought. Rising temperatures due to climate shifts encourage higher evaporation and reduce water availability. Drought not only impacts ecosystems, but also the agricultural sector and people’s lives around the world. One of the real impacts of climate change is an increase in the frequency and intensity of droughts. Areas that previously experienced stable rainfall are now experiencing prolonged drought. According to the IPCC report, many regions in the world have experienced a crucial decrease in rainfall, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Mediterranean region. Under these conditions, plants do not get enough water, which results in crop failure and threats to food security. Apart from that, prolonged drought also worsens the problem of clean water availability. Big cities and small villages around the world struggle to meet the clean water needs of their residents. Success in water resource management is becoming increasingly urgent. Lack of access to clean water can trigger social conflict and increase the risk of spreading disease. Natural ecosystems are also affected by droughts triggered by climate change. Many plant and animal species depend on certain humidity conditions to survive. Drought can cause loss of biodiversity, destroy habitats, and trigger species extinction. Adaptive flora and fauna could be threatened if conditions continue to worsen. In the agricultural sector, information about the distribution and patterns of rainfall is very important. With the combination of erratic rainfall and ever-increasing food demand, farmers have had to adapt. Climate-smart agricultural technology, such as the use of drought-resistant plant varieties and efficient irrigation techniques, is a sought-after solution. Farmer training also needs to be improved to improve their adaptation to climate change. Not only on a local scale, the impact of drought is also felt at the global level. Countries that rely on food imports from drought-affected areas are at risk of experiencing a food crisis. The food supply chain becomes vulnerable, which has the potential to increase food prices globally. Investment in sustainable agricultural research and development will be key to creating food security in the future. The four main points in understanding drought due to climate change are changes in rainfall patterns, pressure on water resources, impacts on ecosystems, and challenges in agriculture. To overcome this problem, collaboration between countries and stakeholders is essential. Policies that support climate change adaptation and mitigation need to be developed to reduce the impact of drought. Through data-driven approaches and innovative technologies, addressing the impact of climate change on global drought is possible. Spreading awareness, education and community participation are also integral to facing this challenge. Through collective efforts, the hope of reducing the impacts of climate change and global drought can become a reality.
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